By atherosclerosis the inside of the arteries are thickened, hardened and stiff, causing blood flow to the area to be narrowed or closed. This will reduce the oxygen supply to local or distant tissues.
the primary symptom is pain, poor organ function and poor general condition. further consequence of tissue damage, sometimes acute damage due to the stopping of blood flow caused by sudden blood clot formed in the narrowed areas.
MECHANISMS AND CAUSES ATHEROSCLEROSIS
the inner walls of arteries consists of an inner layer of endothelial cells (surface cells) and under that a layer of smooth muscle cells. changes in atherosclerosis carried by endothelial cells and the muscle layer. Changes consist of: a certain degree of cell proliferation or tumor, a gathering of cholesterol and fat. Deposition of calcium salts. Deposition of blood elements such as fibrin.
deposits are called atherosclerotic plaque or atheroma. Atherosclerosis is one of several types of artery thickening and hardening. common name for the thickening and hardening of the arteries, "atherosclerosis". Atherosclerosis is often just called arteriosclerosis.
the development of atherosclerosis probably begins to damage the endothelium. It causes damage to cholesterol and fat to penetrate the walls of blood vessels and deposits there. It also causes cells to multiply. Later he also calcium salts are deposited.
Factors that cause endothelial damage and thus atherosclerosis are:
-a high content of cholesterol in the blood.
high-fat content in the blood, especially saturated fats.
-inflammation in blood vessels. sign of inflammation is the presence of a substance called C-reactive protein.
-a high amount of antioxidant substances in the blood.
-High blood pressure.
-The high content of low density lipoprotein (LDL) levels and low high-density (HDL) levels. Lipoprotein is a combination of proteins and molecules of fat or cholesterol. Lipoproteins carry cholesterol and fat from place to place.
-diabetes.
-high age.
-smoking.
-Men have a slightly better chance of getting this condition than women.
-a high content of amino acid homocysteine in the blood serum.
Many of these factors are ultimately caused by poor diet and lack of daily exercise.
SYMPTOMS AND CONSEQUENCES OF ATHEROSCLEROSIS
Since atherosclerosis can affect all parts of the body, symptoms will vary. However, general symptoms of the affected body parts are as follows:
-worsening performance, easy to get tired.
-Pain by physical activity, the so-called anoxia pain.
-by severely impaired blood flow, tissue damage or ulcers can occur.
When the heart is affected, the symptoms will be:
a bad situation.
-anoxia pain from the heart and around physical activity, called angina pectoris.
-a feeling of not getting enough air, or breathing problems.
Atherosclerosis can cause blood clots, which closes the flow of blood. There are several ways this can happen:
-atherosclerotic plaque can rupture, the pain in the inner wall of the vessel. On such pain blood can coagulate, as blood clots.
-atherosclerotic plaque itself can grow to close blood vessels.
-coagulated blood to the affected area can tear loose, float with the bloodstream to another place and support vessels to the new location.
-part of the plaque itself can tear itself loose and clog the blood vessels of the other.
When the heart is contracted from a blood clot, heart tissue is suddenly destroyed, a condition called myocardial infarction, causing sudden death or heart failure.
When a blood clot in the brain stroke, brain tissue is destroyed or damaged, causing paralysis, decreased consciousness, coma or other sudden functional impairment.
for the prevention and treatment ATHEROSCLEROSIS
Atherosclerosis can be prevented and to some extend be cured by these measures, of which most are lifestyle adjustments:
-just eat a little or a moderate amount of fat.
-eat only moderate amounts of sugar.
-fat eaten should be mixing different kinds of unsaturated fats from sources such as olive oil, rapeseed oil, sunflower oil, soybean oil, walnut oil and fish. Then you'll get enough of mono-unsaturated fats, omega-3-unsaturated fat and omega-6-poly-unsaturated fats, but not too much of any of them.
-eating lots of fish and very little red meat.
-eat a good amount of fruits and vegetables every day.
Quotation enough vitamins, minerals and anti-oxidants.
Only consuming moderate amounts of salt.
-Stop smoking.
-Getting high blood pressure treated if lifestyle measures do not bring blood pressure down.
-equipped exercise daily for their own state.
-eliminate stress in daily life and at work.
-Pointing down and getting enough rest.
to high cholesterol levels, which do not react properly lifestyle measures, cholesterol lowering medication can be used, such as HMG-CoA reductase.
serious local narrowing of the arteries, surgery to clean out or widen the arteries is sometimes done. Sometimes the artery is replaced by a graft taken from another part of the body or an artificial vessel. Once this is done in the heart, it is referred to as bypass surgery.
Alternative treatment to clean out the arteries is an option. There is for example the treatment consists of using substances EDTA wear ingredients plaque away from the arteries. molecules of these substances have the ability to grip around other molecules, such as cholesterol molecules and carry them away. There is, however, the debate about the effectiveness of this treatment, called chelating therapy.
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